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蔷薇属月季组花色变化与花香相关性分析

花匠小妙招
2024-12-18 23:54

摘要: 作者对10份月季组材料进行花色参数测定，并将其与花香化合物进行相关性分析，研究蔷薇属月季组复合体的花色动态分布规律及花香化合物的释放与花色变化的相关性，为云南省野生蔷薇属资源开发和蔷薇属花香花色育种提供参考. 结果表明：①10份材料的花色表型参数分布广泛，在a*、b*色相坐标系中被分为红色、黄白色和紫红色三大类. ②10份材料的花色随花朵开放呈现不同的变化趋势. ③苯环类代谢途径上的花香化合物总量与花瓣的b*值呈现极显著正相关关系（P < 0.01），呈现花色越黄，苯环类花香化合物含量越高的规律. 其中3, 5二甲氧基苯、丁香酚、甲基丁香酚、（E）-异丁香酚等苯环类花香化合物与a*值极显著或显著负相关，与b*值极显著正相关.

关键词: 月季 / 开花阶段 / 花色 / 花香

Abstract: In order to study the floral color distribution patterns and the correlation between the release of floral compounds and color changes of Rosa Section Chinensis, the flower color parameters of ten tested roses were determined and then correlation analysis was conducted between the major volatile compounds and color parameters, which could provide references for the development of wild rose resources found in Yunnan Province and the breeding of floral colors and fragrance. The results showed that the phenotypic parameters of the ten tested roses were widely distributed, and three groups were divided in the coordinate system of a* and b* hue, including red, yellow-white and purplish red. The colors showed different changing trends during the blooming. A significant positive correlation between the total emission of floral volatile compounds in the aromatic hydrocarbons metabolic pathway and the b* value of petals (P < 0.01) were found, which indicated that the more yellow the flower was, the higher contents of volatile compounds in the aromatic hydrocarbons metabolic pathway were released, as 3,5-dimethoxytoluene, 3-allyl-6-methoxyphenol, methyl eugenol, (E)-isoeugenol showed a significantly negative correlation with a* value but a extremely significant positive correlation with b* value.

图 1 被试材料在CIELCh空间的分布

Figure 1. Distribution of ten tested roses in CIELCh space

图 2 被试材料在a*、b*色相坐标系的分布

Figure 2. Distribution of ten tested roses in a*，b* coordinate system

图 3 被试材料的花色参数L*、a*、b*值在3个开花阶段的变化

Figure 3. The variation of flower color parameters L*，a* and b* of ten tested roses in three flowering stages

图 4 花色参数与主要花香化合物含量的相关性

Figure 4. Correlation between flower color parameters and content of major volatile compounds

表 1 试验材料基本性状及采集地点

Table 1 The basic characters and the collection places of the ten tested roses

缩写名称花色花瓣数量花朵直径/cm香气强度香气类型采集地区纬度经度 OO 单瓣香水月季
R. odorata var. odorata 粉白色单瓣 7～9 + 茶香云南省大理市
永平县城郊外 25.50°N 99.61°E OG 大花香水月季
R. odorata var. gigantea 黄色单瓣 8～10 + + + 茶香云南省昆明市
呈贡县梁王山 24.75°N 102.89°E OE 粉红香水月季
R. odorata var. erubescens 粉红色半重瓣 8～10 + + + 茶香云南省大理市
洱源县牛街 26.27°N 100.00°E CSW 野生单瓣白月季花
R. chinensis var.
spontanea 粉白色单瓣 5～6 + + 茶香四川阿坝
汶川县城区 31.48°N 103.59°E CSR 野生单瓣红月季花
R. chinensis var.
spontanea 红色单瓣 5～6 + 茶香四川省巴中
南江县正直镇
与双流乡之间 31.98°N 106.53°E COB 月月粉
R. chinensis ‘Old Blush’ 紫红色半重瓣 3～5 + 水果香未知 - - RC1 单瓣粉晕大花香
水月季
R. sect. complex 1 粉红色单瓣 8～10 + + 水果香云南省大理市
洱源县牛街 26.27°N 100.00°E RC2 佛见笑
R. sect. complex 2 橙红色半重瓣 5～7 + + 水果香云南省丽江市
玉龙县白水村 27.17°N 100.39°E RC3 重瓣淡黄香水月季
R. sect. complex 3 黄色重瓣 6～8 + + 木香云南省丽江市
玉龙县贵峰村 26.80°N 100.29°E RC4 玫红香水月季
R. sect. complex 4 紫红色重瓣 6～8 + + 现代玫瑰香云南省嵩明县
阿子营石关 25.33°N 102.86°E RC1～RC4材料名称参考文献[15].

表 2 花色参数与不同代谢途径上化合物含量的相关性

Table 2 Correlation between flower color parameters and compound content in different metabolic pathways

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