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生菜连作及生菜

花匠小妙招
2025-03-29 05:49

摘要： 以生菜连作和生菜-菠菜轮作不同次数的土壤样品为材料,研究比较生菜不同种植方式下土壤细菌群落的差异。采集0-20 cm深度土壤样品,分别提取样品总DNA,采用高通量测序技术分析生菜种植前后土壤样品中细菌多样性。测序结果经过质控过滤,共获得有效序列46 865条,对相似水平为97%的OTU进行生物信息统计分析,共得到OTU 21 692个。Heatmap图和群落组成分析显示,样品共检测到细菌40个门,89个纲,190个目,371个科,693个属,其中变形菌门、厚壁菌门和放线菌门在连作过程中占比逐渐下降,而在轮作过程中较为稳定。另外,壤霉菌属、节细菌属、黄杆菌属、溶杆菌属及微细菌属等有益菌属逐渐成为轮作土壤样品中的优势菌属。主成分分析结果表明,轮作和连作土壤样品差异明显。生菜在连续种植第5次后,产量和过氧化氢酶活性分别下降了24.1%和20.7%,出现连作障碍,而轮作生菜产量和过氧化氢酶活性较连作分别提高了49.6%和10.5%。菠菜-生菜轮作土壤中细菌类群具有丰富的多样性,随着轮作的增加有上升的趋势,可在一定程度上缓解生菜连作过程中出现的问题。

关键词: 细菌群落结构, 生菜, 轮作, 连作

Abstract: The objective is to compare the differences in bacterial communities in soil between for the continuous cropping of lettuce and lettuce-spinach rotation. Soil samples were collected from depths of 0-20 cm. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the bacteria present in soil samples before and after lettuce planting. Sequencing data presented that 46 865 effective sequences were received after quality filter,and 21 692 OTUs were obtained through biological information on similar levels of 97% OTU statistical analysis. Heatmap and community composition analysis showed that bacteria 40 phylum,89 classes,190 orders,371 families,and 693 genera in the samples were detected,and the proportion of Proteobacteria,Firmicutes and Actinomycetes in the continuous process gradually reduced while the change in rotation process was stable. Moreover,the beneficial bacterial genera,including Agromyces,Arthrobacter,Flavobacterium,Lysobacter and Microbacterium,gradually became dominant in the rotation soil samples. The yield of rotating lettuce and catalase activity increased compared with that of continuous cropping. The results of principal component analysis demonstrated that there was significant difference between soil samples in rotation and continuous cropping. After the fifth consecutive planting of lettuce,the yield and catalase activity of lettuce decreased 24.1% and 20.7% respectively,and the obstacles for continuous cropping appeared;while the yield and catalase activity of lettuce in rotation were improved 49.6% and 10.5% respectively,compared with that in continuous cropping. In conclusion,there is the rich diversity of beneficial bacteria in rotating lettuce with spinach,and which increases with the increasing of rotating process,and partially alleviates the problems that occur during lettuce cultivation.

Key words: bacteria diversity, lettuce, rotation, continuous cropping