戴云山海拔梯度木本植物性系统分布特征及其影响因素
摘要： 摘 要 【目的】植物性系统是影响植物交配、遗传、进化与物种分布的重要繁殖特征，根据花器官雌蕊与雄蕊分布位置不同，可将性系统分为两性花、雌雄异株与雌雄同株。【方法】本文以戴云山不同海拔(900-1600 m)森林群落为研究对象，分析木本植物性系统数量特征的海拔梯度变化，采用Mantel相关性探讨性系统与环境因子之间的相关关系。【主要结果】1.样地内共有木本植物85种，其中两性花植物49种(57.6%)，雌雄异株植物26种(30.6%)，雌雄同株植物10种(11.8%)。2.随着海拔升高，两性花与雌雄异株植株数显著增加，两性花与雌雄异株物种比例无明显变化，雌雄同株植株数与物种比例显著下降。3.随海拔升高，性系统Shannon-Wiener多样性指数与Pielou均匀度指数总体下降，Simpson优势度指数无明显变化。4.土壤有效磷与土壤温度是驱动木本植物性系统数量特征海拔梯度变化的最重要因子。综上，戴云山木本植物性系统数量特征沿海拔梯度存在显著差异，性系统的海拔分布对环境变化高度敏感，表明植物通过调节性系统组成适应环境变化，从而确保种群持续生存和繁衍。
关键词: 关键词 戴云山, 海拔梯度, 性系统, 数量特征, 环境因子
Abstract: Aims Plant sexual systems is an important reproductive role that affects plant mating, genetics, evolution, and species distribution. They are classified into three categories based on the floral organ's pistil and stamen arrangement: hermaphroditism, dioecy, and monoecy. Methods This article takes forest communities in Daiyun Mountain (elevation 900-1600 m) as the research object, analyzing changes in the quantitative characteristics of woody plant sexual systems and investigating their correlation with environmental factors via Mantel correlation analysis. Important findings The study area encompassed 85 woody plant species, with 49 hermaphroditic (57.6%), 26 dioecious (30.6%), and 10 monoecious (11.8%) species. Altitudinal increase led to a significant rise in the number of hermaphroditic and dioecious individuals, with no significant change in their species ratio, while monoecious individuals' number and species ratio significantly declined. The Shannon Wiener index and Pielou evenness index for sexual systems generally decreased with altitude, whereas the Simpson dominance index remained stable. Effective phosphorus and soil temperature were identified as the primary drivers of altitudinal changes in sexual systems characteristics. In conclusion, the quantitative characteristics of the sexual systems of woody plants on the altitudinal gradient of Daiyun Mountain showed significant differences, and the altitudinal distribution of the sexual systems was highly sensitive to environmental changes, indicating that plants adapt to environmental changes by regulating the composition of their reproductive systems, thereby ensuring the continuous survival and reproduction of their populations.
Key words: Key words Daiyun Mountain, altitudinal gradient, sexual systems, quantitative characteristic, environmental factors
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