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Propagation methods and precautions for butterfly flowers

花匠小妙招
2026-06-08 09:04

Key Point: Butterfly flowers were originally perennial perennial plants, but after artificial cultivation, they have become one- and biennial grasses and require annual sowing. Common propagation methods for butterfly flowers include sowing, cuttings, and division. The sowing time is strictly regulated. Let's take a look at the specific propagation methods and precautions! [Sowing and Propagation] The best time to sow in autumn is in September.

Butterfly flowers were originally perennial perennial plants, but after artificial cultivation, they have become one- or biennial plants and require annual sowing. Common propagation methods for butterfly flowers include sowing, cuttings, and division. The sowing time is strictly regulated. Let's take a look at the specific propagation methods and precautions!

[Seed Propagation]

The best time to sow is in autumn, September, when each gram of seeds contains 700 seeds. The optimal germination temperature is 13°C to 16°C, and germination occurs 12-15 days after sowing. It takes about 100-110 days from sowing to flowering.

[Cutting Propagation]

Done in May to June, cut off the branches sprouting at the base of the plant and insert them into peat to keep the air moist. Roots will form 15-20 days after planting, with a high survival rate.

[Division Propagation]

Usually done after flowering, cut off side branches with adventitious roots or newly sprouted rooted shoots in rhizomes, then plant directly in pots and place them in semi-shaded areas for recovery.

[Precautions for Butterfly Flower Cultivation]

1. Temperature

The optimal germination temperature for butterfly flowers is 18-21°C. Under shaded conditions, germination takes 7-10 days, with growth temperatures of 10-13°C. Flowering occurs 14-15 weeks after sowing. If the temperature is too high during sowing, it will affect seed germination and seedling growth, resulting in a low seedling formation rate. During the growth stage of pansy seedlings, the soil temperature is 15-24°C; the lower the temperature, the slower the plant's growth and the stronger the plant.

2. Lighting

After sowing butterfly flowers, cover the seeds with vermiculite, keep the soil temperature at 18-24°C, keep the medium moist, and bacon does not need sunlight before it grows; generally, seedlings will emerge in 7-14 days.

3. Watering

Before watering, let the soil dry thoroughly but avoid permanent wilting, which also benefits the growth of pansy roots. The soil pH should be maintained between 5.5 and 5.8, alternating with some nitrogen fertilizer or potassium nitrate fertilizer.

Butterfly flowers prefer cool conditions and are quite cold-tolerantFlowers, seed germination temperature is between 15°C and 20°C. About 10 days after sowing, germination occurs. When the plant reaches 3 to 5 leaves, transplant with soil clods. The optimal growth temperature is around 10°C to 20°C, and it takes 3-4 months from sowing to flowering. Seeds need dark conditions for germination, so after sowing, cover with soil and water, and place in a shaded spot. After transplanting, place them in shaded areas to soften seedlings for one week before moving them to a sunny spot.

Butterfly flowers are mainly propagated by seeds, but tissue culture can also be used. Seed propagation involves three procedures: seed collection, sowing, and transplanting.

1. Seed collection

Pansies hang down when flowering; when the fruit ripens, it should be raised. Harvest immediately when the skin turns white; otherwise, the capsules will crack after sun drying, causing the seeds to pop out and scatter. Harvested seeds must be dried and stored.

2. Sowing

In the Yangtze River basin, sowing is generally done at the end of August or early September, selecting sandy loam plots with ample sunlight and good drainage as seedling beds, preparing seedbeds, flattening them, and then sowing. Shallow clay pots can also be used. The soil cover thickness is 2~3 times the seed diameter. After sowing, water thoroughly once and immediately provide appropriate shade. Remove the shade when all seedlings have emerged.

3. Transplanting

When the seedlings have grown three true leaves, they can be transplanted to small pots or nurseries for cultivation, with a spacing of about 4 cm x 5 cm; When the seedlings have grown 8 true leaves, a second transplanting can be done and transplanted into flower beds, flower borders, or large clay pots with a diameter of 12-15 cm, with 3 plants per pot; The spacing between plants in flower beds is 15 cm × 20 cm. Before transplanting, apply diluted fertilizer once to improve survival rates.