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恩施盛家坝红椿天然种群动态与预测

花匠小妙招
2024-11-02 10:14

第43卷第2期2016年6月福建林业科技JourofFujianForestrySciandTechVol.43No.2Jun.2016doi1013428/jcnkifjlk201602004恩施盛家坝红椿天然种群动态与预测汪洋闵水发江雄波操英南张敏付翠林白琳湖北生态工程职业技术学院湖北武汉430200摘要通过对典型代表意义的红椿样地调查和数据统计分析绘制红椿自然种群的龄级结构图量化分析种群各龄级间个体数量、变化动态。编制种群的特定时间生命表分析存活曲线、死亡率曲线和寿命期望等重要参数并运用时间序列模型预测红椿种群数量动态。结果表明①红椿种群中1龄级和7龄级存活数分别占总数的28.57%和16.07%。27.5cm以上径级的立木有10.71%。动态指数Vpi=27.84%0。②生命表表明种群死亡趋势前期高于后期死亡高峰在1龄级和4龄级。存活曲线不符合Deevey型说明环境筛和种群竞争加强造成波动。③时间动态对第3、5、7龄级预测表明种群呈现老龄个体增加的趋势。④红椿种群死亡率曲线与消失率曲线基本一致即在17龄级波动很大其中34龄级时死亡率和损失度最大。研究认为红椿种群的生长发育主要受限于其自身的生物学特性、种内竞争和环境干扰。对现存种群和生境的保护以及适当的人工辅助措施是红椿种群恢复的关键。关键词红椿生命表种群动态种群结构预测中图分类号S718.54文献标识码A文章编号10027351201602002106DynamicsandEstimationofToonaciliataoem.PopulationinShengjiabaEnshiCityWANGYangMINShui-faJIANGXiong-boCAOYing-nanZHANGMinFUCui-linBAILinHubeivocationalcollegeofecologicalengineeringWuhan430200HubeiChinaAbstractByafieldsurveyandstatisticdataanalysesofatypicalsamplingplotofToonaciliatainShengjiabaofEnshiCitytheage-classsurvivalcurvefigureofT.ciliata'snaturalpopulationwasdrawnthequantitativeanalysisoftheindividualnumberofdifferentageclassesanditsdynamicconditionwereconductedthelifetableinspecifictimeofthepopulationwasmadeandthesurvivalcurvethemortalityratecurveandthelife-expectationtablewereanalyzed.TheresultindicatedFirstthesurvivalnumberofage-class1andageclass7covered28.57%and16.07%respectivelyandthelargestage-classabove27cmindiametercoveredmerely10.71%ofthetotal.ThedynamicchangeindexoftheagestructureofthepopulationVpi=27.84%0indicatingthepopu-lationwasingrowthform.Secondtheanalysisofstaticlifetabledemonstratedthattheformertendencyofpopulationmortalitywasstrongerthanthatofthelatterandthatthemortalitypeakfellbetweenage-class1and4.ThesurvivalcurveofthepopulationwasnotinaccordancewithanyDeeveycurvesindicatingtheintensificationofenvironmentsieveandcompetitionbetweenpopulations.Thirdtime-dynamicexpectationofthepopulationto3rd5thand7thageclassesshowedthesurgingtrendofagingindi-vidualsinthepopulation.ForththemortalityratecurveandthedisappearanceindexcurveofT.ciliatapopulationwerebasicallythesameandmorespecificallythecurvesfluctuatedseverelywiththemortalityrateandthedisappearanceindexof3rdand4thage-classesatmaximum.TheresearchshowedthatthegrowthanddevelopmentofT.ciliatapopulationconformedtoitsbiologicalcharac-teristicsintraspecificcompetitionandenvironmentaldisturbanceandthereforethekeytotherestorationofT.ciliatapopulationliesintheprotectionofcurrentpopulationsanditshabitatsaswellasappropriatehumanassistances.KeywordsToonaciliatastaticlifetablepopulationdynamicspopulationstructureestimation研究种群动态变化及其群落的演替趋势对阐明生态系统发展、群落结构特征和发展趋势有重要的研究意义12。种群统计的核心是建立反映种群全部生活史的各年龄组或生活级出生率、死亡率

甚至包括收稿日期20150705修回日期20150801基金项目湖北省科技厅公益性研究项目402012DBA40001作者简介汪洋1968—男湖北武汉人湖北生态工程职业技术学院副教授从事植物生态学和遗传教学与科研。E-mail13296698026@163.com。通讯作者**波1975—男湖北武汉人湖北生态工程职业技术学院高级工程师从事林业及栽培研究。E-mailstxycyb@163.com。