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‘重瓣红’玫瑰不同花发育阶段转录和代谢差异分析

花匠小妙招
2025-01-09 11:47

摘要：

为探究调控‘重瓣红’玫瑰花发育过程中花香关键基因和代谢通路，对花不同发育阶段样本进行转录组和代谢组测序分析。转录组学分析在花蕾期、初开期、半开期、盛开期和落花期对比中分别检测出4 435、2 444、7 021、4 123个差异表达基因，其中5个阶段共有差异基因214个。代谢组学共检测到508个代谢物，230个差异代谢物，在不同发育时期代谢物有明显的差异，代谢物被分为4簇。在分析玫瑰花香苯环类和萜烯类合成途径中，发现差异表达基因58个，差异代谢物11个。结合转录组和代谢组分析，花发育过程基因和挥发物质变化明显，花蕾期形成单萜类物质，半开期挥发物逐渐积累，落花期代谢物释放量减少，典型玫瑰花香物质主要在半开期形成。因此，选择合适采收时间有助于玫瑰花香品质的形成与保留。

关键词: 重瓣红玫瑰, 花发育, 差异基因, 差异代谢物

Abstract:

In order to explore the key genes and metabolic pathways regulating floral aroma during the development of ‘Rose rugosa cv. Plena’, transcriptome and metabolome sequencing were performed on the samples at different development stages of flowers. The 4435, 2444, 7021 and 4123 differentially expressed genes in the comparison of flower bud stage, early opening stage, half opening stage, full opening stage and falling stage respectively were detected via transcriptomics analysis, of which 214 were differentially expressed genes in five stages. A total of 508 metabolites and 230 differential metabolites were detected by metabonomics. There were significant differences in metabolites at different developmental stages, and the metabolites were divided into 4 clusters. The 58 differentially expressed genes and 11 differentially expressed metabolites were found in the analysis of synthetic pathways of phenylpropanoid and terpene in ‘Rosa rugosa’. Combined with transcriptome and metabolome analysis, the genes and volatile substances changed significantly during flower development. Monoterpenoids were formed in flower bud stage, volatiles gradually accumulated in half opening stage, and the release of metabolites decreased in falling stage. Typical rose aroma substances were mainly formed in half opening stage. Therefore, choosing the appropriate harvest time is conducive to the formation and retention of rose fragrance quality.

Key words: Rose rugosa cv. Plena, flower development, differential gene, differential metabolite