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黄河流域不同生态地理区草地生态系统脆弱性及其驱动因素

花匠小妙招
2026-01-12 08:07

DOI:

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目(32360318);宁夏自然科学基金创新群体项目(2023AAC01002);宁夏重点研发计划项目(2021BEG03007);干旱区生态水文宁夏科技创新团队项目(2021RXTDLX01)

Vulnerability and spatial drivers of grassland ecosystems in different eco-geographical zones of the Yellow River Basin

Author:

CHENG Jing

College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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WANG Peng

School of Geography and Planning, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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ZHAO Wenzhi

Breeding Base for State Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecoloogical Restoration in Northwest China, Yinchuan 750021, China;Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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LIU Rentao

Breeding Base for State Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecoloogical Restoration in Northwest China, Yinchuan 750021, China;School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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Fund Project:

The National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program, Key Program, Major Research Plan)

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摘要:

阐明全球变化和人类活动干预下草地生态系统脆弱性及其空间驱动机制是理解草地生态系统变化和有效应对变化环境冲击的科学基础。基于植被净初级生产力及其年际变率与变化趋势,量化了黄河流域不同生态地理区草地生态系统敏感性、适应性和脆弱性,并结合地理探测器和地理加权回归模型揭示黄河流域草地生态系统脆弱性空间分异规律及其驱动因素。结果表明:(1)黄河流域草地生态系统脆弱性整体较高,其中,中度及以上脆弱性面积占比达61%;空间分布上,草地生态系统脆弱性呈现由东南向西北递增的变化趋势。(2)黄河流域不同生态地理区草地生态系统脆弱性存在显著差异,河套与内蒙古西部中平原荒漠草原区、内蒙古东部中平原草原区、青南高原宽谷高寒草甸草原区脆弱性最高,华北山地落叶阔叶林区、黄土梁峁与山地草原区、华北平原栽培植被区、祁连青东高山盆地针叶林、草原区次之,汾渭盆地与黄土高原南部落叶阔叶林、栽培植被区、鲁中低山丘陵落叶阔叶林、栽培植被区、华北山地落叶阔叶林区的脆弱性最低。(3)黄河流域草地生态系统脆弱性的主导驱动因子为归一化植被指数(NDVI)和年均降水,且所有驱动因子间的交互作用产生的影响作用显著增强。(4)年均降水、NDVI和海拔整体和草地生态系统脆弱性均以负相关关系为主,NDVI对草地生态系统脆弱性的影响具有极显著的空间非平衡性。研究表明,地理气候带的气候条件以及生态本底的生产力高低属性特征直接决定了黄河流域草地生态系统脆弱性的空间分布特征。

Abstract:

Elucidating the vulnerability of grassland ecosystems and the spatial driving mechanisms under global change and human intervention is the scientific basis for understanding grassland ecosystem changes and effectively responding. In this study, we quantified the sensitivity, adaptability and vulnerability of grassland ecosystems across different eco-geographical zones of the Yellow River Basin based on vegetation net primary productivity (NPP), its inter-annual variability and trends. The spatial distribution patterns and driving factors of grassland ecosystem vulnerability in the Yellow River Basin were revealed.by combining geo-detector and geographically weighted regression models. The results show that: (1) The vulnerability of grassland ecosystem in the Yellow River basin is generally high, with the area of moderate and higher vulnerability accounting for 61%. In terms of spatial distribution, the vulnerability of grassland ecosystem shows a trend of increasing from southeast to northwest. (2) There are significant differences in the vulnerability of grassland ecosystem in different eco-geographical areas of the Yellow River basin. Hetao has the highest vulnerability with the desert steppe of the central plain of western Inner Mongolia (IID1), the central plain of eastern Inner Mongolia (IIC3) and the wide valley alpine meadow steppe of the southern Qinghai Plateau (HIC1). Deciduous broad-leaved forest in North China mountain (HIB1), loess beam and mountain grassland (IIIC1), cultivated vegetation in North China Plain (IIIB2), coniferous forest and grassland in Qilian Qingdong alpine basin (HIIC1). The vulnerability of Fen-Wei basin and southern Loess Plateau deciduous broad-leaved forest, cultivated vegetation area (IIIB4), middle Shandong low mountain hilly deciduous broad-leaved forest, cultivated vegetation area (IIIB1), North China mountain deciduous broad-leaved forest area (IIIB3) is the lowest. (3) The main driving factors of grassland ecosystem vulnerability in the Yellow River basin are NDVI and annual precipitation, and the interaction among all driving factors is significantly enhanced. (4) There is a predominantly negative correlation between average annual precipitation, NDVI, altitude, and grassland ecosystem vulnerability, and the impact of NDVI on grassland ecosystem vulnerability was spatially non-equilibrium. The study shows that the climatic conditions of the geographical climatic zone and the productivity characteristics of the ecological background directly determine the spatial distribution characteristics of grassland ecosystem vulnerability in the Yellow River basin.

引用本文

程静,王鹏,赵文智,刘任涛.黄河流域不同生态地理区草地生态系统脆弱性及其驱动因素.生态学报,2025,45(5):2298~2310

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