首页 > 分享 > 南京市不同结构植物群落在冬夏两季的微气候调节作用

南京市不同结构植物群落在冬夏两季的微气候调节作用

花匠小妙招
2024-11-06 23:31

摘要： 植物的微气候调节能力，对于改善城市公共空间人居环境舒适度具有重要意义。本研究以南京市公园和广场绿地为对象，通过实地测量，分析了5种群落结构（草地、常绿乔木单层林、常绿乔-草复合林、落叶乔木单层林、落叶乔-草复合林）在冬夏两季温度、湿度及热舒适度（温湿指数）调节能力方面的差异。结果表明：夏季，各种群落均有显著或极显著(P<0.05或P<0.01)的降温增湿效果，但各林地之间降温和微气候舒适度调节能力无显著区别；林地降温增湿及热舒适度调节能力效果显著或极显著地高于草地(P<0.05或P<0.01);冬季，常绿乔木单层林或常绿乔-草复合林通过显著降温作用恶化了场地热舒适度，草地及落叶林对微气候无显著影响;除了夏季落叶乔木与草本层在降温效应方面具有显著的交互作用外（P<0.05)，草本层与乔木层在其他微气候调节指标方面均无显著的交互作用。从热舒适度角度，建议在冬冷夏热地区，城市绿化应适当增加落叶林比例。

关键词: 苹果连作障碍, 土壤微生物, 残次苹果发酵产物, 土壤养分

Abstract: The microclimate regulation ability of plants is of great significance for improving the comfort of living environment in urban public spaces. Taking the parks and plazas in Nanjing City as the research objects, we analyzed the differences of temperature, humidity and thermal comfort (measured by temperature-humidity index) regulating ability of five structural types of communities (including single-layer grassland, evergreen single-layer woodland, evergreen tree-grass composite woodland, deciduous singlelayer woodland, and deciduous tree-grass composite woodland) in winter and summer by field measurement. The results showed that in summer, all communities had significant or extremely significant cooling and humidification effects (P<0.05 orP<0.01), but there was no significant difference among the four woodland types in their cooling and thermal comfort regulating ability. The effects of regulating temperature, humidity and thermal comfort of four woodland types were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those of the grassland (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In winter, the evergreen single-layer tree woodland or evergreen tree-grass composite woodland worsened the thermal comfort with significant cooling effect (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while the grassland and deciduous woodlands had no significant effect on microclimate. Except for the significant interaction between the deciduous tree and the understory in cooling effect in summer (P<0.05), the understory and the tree layer had no significant interaction in terms of other microclimate regulation effects. Our results suggested that the proportion of deciduous woodland could be increased to improve thermal comfort in cold winter and hot summer regions.

Key words: residual apple fermentation product, soil microorganism, apple replant disease, soil nutrient