栀子花提取物的制备工艺优化及其抗氧化活性研究
摘要：
栀子花作为化妆品原料具有较好的开发前景，但由于对其研究较少导致其开发受限。本研究通过单因素考察和正交试验对栀子花精油（Gardenia jasminoides flower essential oil，GJFEO）的超临界CO2萃取工艺和残渣中的栀子花总黄酮提取物（Gardenia jasminoides flower flavonoids extract，GJFFE）的乙醇超声提取工艺进行优化；将得到的GJFEO和GJFFE按照质量比1∶24复配得到栀子花复合提取物（Gardenia jasminoides flower compound extract，GJFCE）。之后采用体外细胞实验，分别考察了GJFEO、GJFFE和GJFCE的抗氧化活性。结果表明：优化后的GJFEO萃取工艺为萃取温度38 ℃、萃取压力32 MPa、分离压力12 MPa；GJFFE的萃取工艺为乙醇浓度50%、液料比25∶1、提取2次、每次50 min。三种提取物对氧化损伤的人角质细胞均有保护作用，且GJFCE的抗氧化活性优于单一使用的GJFEO和GJFFE（P＜0.001）。本研究为栀子花的深加工及其在化妆品领域的开发提供技术支持和理论依据。
关键词: 栀子花, 精油, 总黄酮, 超临界流体萃取法, 抗氧化
Abstract:
Gardenia jasminoides flower has a good prospect as a raw material for cosmetics,but its development is limited due to the lack of research on it.In this study,the supercritical CO2 extraction process of Gardenia jasminoides flower essential oil (GJFEO) and the ethanol ultrasonic extraction of Gardenia jasminoides flower flavonoids extract (GJFFE) in the residue were optimized through single factor investigation and orthogonal experiment.TheGardenia jasminoides flower compound extract (GJFCE) was then obtained by the mixture of GJFEO and GJFFE in proportion (mass ratio=1∶24).Afterwards,the antioxidant activities of GJFEO,GJFFE and GJFCE were investigated by cell experimentsin vitro.The results showed that the optimal extraction process for GJFEO was as follows:extraction temperature of 38 ℃,extraction pressure of 32 MPa,separation pressure of 12 MPa.The optimal extraction process for GJFFE was as follows:ethanol concentration of 50%,ratio of liquid to material of 25∶1,extraction twice,extraction time of 50 minutes.The three extracts had protective effects on HaCaT cells damaged by oxidation,and the antioxidant activity of GJFCE was better than that of GJFEO or GJFFE alone (P<0.001).This research provides technical support and theoretical basis for the deep processing of Gardenia jasminoides flower and its development in the field of cosmetics.
Key words: Gardenia jasminoides flower, essential oil, total flavonoids, supercritical fluid extraction, anti-oxidation
中图分类号: TQ658.2
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