摘要: 采用牛磺酸添加量分别为0 (N0)、0.4% (N1)、0.8% (N2)、1.2% (N3) 和1.6% (N4) 的5组试验饲料,投喂均质量 (7.2±0.07) g的花鲈 (Lateolabrax maculatus) 56 d,研究其对花鲈生长、消化酶活性、抗氧化能力及免疫指标的影响。结果显示,牛磺酸可提高花鲈的特定生长率、增重率和摄食率,其中N2、N3和N4组均显著大于对照组 (P<0.05);牛磺酸可显著提高全鱼的粗蛋白含量并降低粗脂肪含量 (P<0.05);牛磺酸可显著提高花鲈肠道蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性 (P<0.05);牛磺酸添加组的红细胞和白细胞数均显著高于对照组 (P<0.05),N2、N3和N4组的血红蛋白浓度显著高于对照组 (P<0.05);牛磺酸添加组的溶菌酶活性、免疫球蛋白M (IgM)和补体4 (C4)浓度显著高于对照组 (P<0.05);牛磺酸可显著提高花鲈肝脏总抗氧化能力、过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性 (P<0.05),显著降低丙二醛浓度 (P<0.05)。线性回归分析结果表明,以增重率为目标,花鲈对牛磺酸的最适需求量为0.85%。
Abstract: Lateolabrax maculatus with initial body mass of (7.2±0.07) g had been fed for 56 d with five diets containing 0 (N0), 0.4% (N1), 0.8% (N2), 1.2% (N3) and 1.6% (N4) taurine, so as to investigate the effects of taurine on the growth performance, digestive enzymes, antioxidant capacity and immune indices of L. maculatus. The results show that the dietary taurine improved the weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed rate (FR) of L. maculates significantly (P<0.05) , especially for N2, N3 and N4 groups. The whole-body crude protein content increased but lipid content decreased with the increase of dietary taurine level (P<0.05). The activities of protease and lipase in taurine supplemented groups were significantly higher than those in the control (P<0.05). The levels of red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) were significantly higher in taurine supplemented groups than those in the control (P<0.05), and hemoglobin (Hb) levels in N2, N3 and N4 were higher than that in the control (P<0.05). The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in taurine supplemented groups were significantly higher than those in the control (P<0.05). The malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in taurine supplemented groups were significantly lower than those in the control (P<0.05). The linear regression analysis on the weight gain rate indicates that the optimal dietary taurine level for growth of L. maculates is 0.85%.
图 1 花鲈增重率与饲料中牛磺酸质量分数的关系
Figure 1. Relationship between weight gain rate of L. maculatus and mass fraction of dietary taurine
表 1 试验饲料组成及营养水平 (干物质基础)
Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of basal diet (Dray mass basis) %
原料表 2 饲料中添加牛磺酸对花鲈生长性能的影响
Table 2 Effects of dietary taurine on growth performance of L. maculatus
指标表 3 饲料中添加牛磺酸对花鲈全鱼营养成分的影响
Table 3 Effects of dietary taurine on whole body proximate composition of L. maculatus %
指标表 4 饲料中添加牛磺酸对花鲈肠道消化酶活性的影响
Table 4 Effects of dietary taurine on intestinal digestive enzyme activity of L. maculatus
指标表 5 饲料中添加牛磺酸对花鲈肝脏抗氧化指标的影响
Table 5 Effects of dietary taurine on hepatic T-AOC, SOD, CAT, GSH-Px activities and MDA contents of L. maculatus
指标表 6 饲料中添加牛磺酸对花鲈血液生理指标的影响
Table 6 Effects of dietary taurine on blood physiological parameters of L. maculatus
指标表 7 饲料中添加牛磺酸对花鲈血清免疫指标的影响
Table 7 Effects of dietary taurine on serum immune indexes of L. maculatus
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